A new report published by Boston Consulting Group (BCG) and Temasek has estimated that artificial intelligence (AI) could unlock an US$600 ($768) billion of annual value globally by 2028. More importantly, it connects sustainability with financial returns using AI.
Published on May 19 at Ecosperity Week, The Private Capital Opportunity in AI-Enabled Climate and Sustainability Sectors report aggregates the value arising from how AI can drive cost reductions, revenue enablement and improved asset utilisation, if current AI capabilities were deployed at scale across 40 subsectors analysed in this report. It is a directional indicator of the opportunity’s magnitude, not a forecast of realised returns, notes the authors.
Focusing specifically on the intersection where AI-driven efficiency gains produce both financial returns and measurable environmental or social outcomes, the report is cognisant that not every AI application delivers sustainability benefits. Instead, only subsectors that demonstrate a clear chain from AI capability to commercial value to sustainability outcome are included. Observations are made about a specific class of applications — those that improve how energy, materials, capital, and human capacity are used in systems where inefficiency carries both a financial cost and an environmental or social cost. The report notes that the link between financial performance and sustainability outcomes is structural in these typically large systems. Subsectors in which this chain cannot be demonstrated are not included.
The report also suggests that AI is expanding what counts as climate and sustainability investing, with sectors not historically viewed through a climate or sustainability lens becoming central to the landscape as AI makes their environmental and social performance both measurable and improvable.
In the report, the more than 40 subsectors across three domains — climate and energy transition, natural capital and resource management, and social systems and livelihoods — are assessed using a bottom-up approach. A further five priority subsectors — climate risk modeling; industrial equipment and systems efficiency; grid, storage, and system flexibility management; inclusive education; and materials discovery — accounting for US$423 billion were explored further in the report.
The authors believe that AI is a “powerful” force multiplier" that improves how scarce resources are used, delivering both financial value and sustainability outcomes from the same interventions across the sectors explored in the report.
“AI enables companies to cut emissions, reduce waste, price risk more accurately, and reach people they could not previously serve,” write the authors. “Done at scale, it reshapes how capital flows to climate and sustainability challenges, toward solutions that work, in sectors where financial performance and sustainability outcomes move in the same direction by design.”
